§ 100. {Iti 4.1; Iti 101}This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Arahant, so I have heard: "I am a brahman, responsive to requests, open-handed, bearing my last body, an unsurpassed doctor & surgeon. You are my children, my sons, born from my mouth, born of the Dhamma, created by the Dhamma, heirs to the Dhamma, not heirs in material things. |
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"There are these two kinds of gifts: a gift of material things & a gift of the Dhamma. Of the two, this is supreme: a gift of the Dhamma. |
Này các Tỷ-kheo, có hai loại bố thí. Bố thí tài vật và bố thí Pháp. Này các Tỷ-kheo, đây là tối thượng trong hai bố thí này, tức là bố thí Pháp. |
"There are these two kinds of sharing: sharing of material things & sharing of the Dhamma. Of the two, this is supreme: sharing of the Dhamma. |
Này các Tỷ-kheo, có hai loại phân phát này, phân phát tài vật và phân phát Pháp. Này các Tỷ-kheo, đây là tối thượng trong hai phân phát này, tức là phân phát Pháp. |
"There are these two kinds of assistance: assistance with material things & assistance with the Dhamma. Of the two, this is supreme: help with the Dhamma. |
Này các Tỷ-kheo, có hai nhiêu ích này, nhiêu ích tài vật và nhiêu ích Pháp. Này các Tỷ-kheo, đây là tối thượng trong hai nhiêu ích này, tức là nhiêu ích Pháp. |
"There are these two kinds of mass-donations: a mass-donation of material things & a mass-donation of the Dhamma. Of the two, this is supreme: a mass-donation of the Dhamma." |
Này các Tỷ-kheo, có hai loại tế tự này. Tế tự tài vật và tế tự Pháp. Này các Tỷ-kheo, đây là tối thượng trong hai tế tự này, tức là tế tự Pháp. |
He who, unstinting, made the mass-donation of Dhamma, the Tathagata, sympathetic to all beings: to one of that sort — the best of beings, human & divine — living beings pay homage — to one gone to the beyond of becoming. |
Thế Tôn đă nói lên ư nghĩa này. Ở đây, điều này được nói đến.
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§ 101. {Iti 4.2; Iti 102}This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Arahant, so I have heard: "These four things are next to nothing, both easy to gain & blameless. Which four? Cast-off cloth is next to nothing, both easy to gain & blameless. Alms food is next to nothing, both easy to gain & blameless. The root of a tree as a dwelling place is next to nothing, both easy to gain & blameless. Medicine made of smelly urine1 is next to nothing, both easy to gain & blameless. These are the four things that are next to nothing, both easy to gain & blameless. When a monk is content with what is next to nothing, easy to gain & blameless, then I say that he has one of the component factors of the contemplative life."
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Note 1. This is one of a monk's basic requisites. There is some disagreement as to whether it refers to medicine pickled in urine, or to the use of urine as a medicine (as is still practiced in parts of Asia today). |
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§ 102. {Iti 4.3; Iti 103}This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Arahant, so I have heard: "For one knowing & seeing, I tell you, there is the ending of fermentations, not for one not knowing & seeing. For one knowing what & seeing what is there the ending of fermentations? For one knowing & seeing, 'This is stress,' there is the ending of fermentations. For one knowing & seeing, 'This is the origination of stress,' there is the ending of fermentations. For one knowing & seeing, 'This is the cessation of stress,' there is the ending of fermentations. For one knowing & seeing, 'This is the path of practice leading to the cessation of stress,' there is the ending of fermentations. For one knowing in this way and seeing in this way is there the ending of fermentations."
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§ 103. {Iti 4.4; Iti 105}This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Arahant, so I have heard: "Any priests or contemplatives who do not discern, as it actually is present, that 'This is stress,'who do not discern, as it actually is present, that 'This is the origination of stress,'who do not discern, as it actually is present, that 'This is the cessation of stress,' who do not discern, as it actually is present, that 'This is the path of practice leading to the cessation of stress': to me these priests & contemplatives do not count as priests among priests or as contemplatives among contemplatives. Furthermore, they do not enter & remain in the goal of the priestly life or the goal of the contemplative life, having directly known & made it manifest for themselves right in the present life. |
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"But any priests or contemplatives who discern, as it actually is present, that 'This is stress,'... that 'This is the origination of stress,'... that 'This is the cessation of stress,' who discern, as it actually is present, that 'This is the path of practice leading to the cessation of stress': to me these priests & contemplatives count as priests among priests and as contemplatives among contemplatives. Furthermore, they enter & remain in the goal of the priestly life & the goal of the contemplative life, having directly known & made it manifest for themselves right in the present life." |
Những Sa-môn hay Bà-la-môn nào, này các Tỷ-kheo, như thật quán tri: "Đây là Khổ", như thật quán tri: "Đây là Khổ tập", như thật quán tri: "Đây là Khổ diệt", như thật quán tri: "Đây là Con đường đưa đến khổ diệt", thời này các Tỷ-kheo, các Sa-môn hay Bà-la-môn ấy được Ta chấp nhận là Sa-môn trong các hàng Sa-môn, hay Bà-la-môn trong các hàng Bà-la-môn. Và các vị Tôn giả ấy ngay trong hiện tại, tự ḿnh với thắng trí chứng ngộ, chứng đạt và an trú mục đích Sa-môn hạnh hay mục đích Bà-la-môn hạnh. |
Those who don't discern stress, its cause, & where it totally stops, without trace, who don't know the path, the way to the stilling of stress: lowly in their awareness-release & discernment-release, incapable of making an end, they're headed to birth & aging. But those who discern stress, its cause, & where it totally stops, without trace, who discern the path, the way to the stilling of stress: consummate in their awareness-release & discernment-release, capable of making an end, they are not headed to birth & aging. |
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§ 104. {Iti 4.5; Iti 107}This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Arahant, so I have heard: "Those monks who are consummate in virtue, consummate in concentration, consummate in discernment, consummate in release, consummate in the knowledge & vision of release; who exhort, demonstrate, instruct, urge, rouse & encourage; who are competent rightly to point out the true Dhamma: seeing them, I tell you, accomplishes a great deal; listening to them, approaching them, attending to them, recollecting them, following them in going forth accomplishes a great deal. Why is that? |
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"By associating with monks of this sort, sharing with them, attending on them, the as-yet-unculminated aggregate of virtue goes to the culmination of its development, the as-yet-unculminated aggregate of concentration goes to the culmination of its development, the as-yet-unculminated aggregate of discernment goes to the culmination of its development, the as-yet-unculminated aggregate of release goes to the culmination of its development, the as-yet-unculminated aggregate of knowledge & vision of release goes to the culmination of its development. Monks of this sort are said to be teachers, leaders, abandoners of harm, dispellers of darkness, makers of light, makers of radiance, makers of brightness, makers of brilliance, bringers of illumination, noble ones, endowed with eyes that see." |
Này các Tỷ-kheo, khi phục vụ, chia sẻ, thân cận những Tỷ-kheo như vậy, thời giới uẩn chưa được đầy đủ đi đến được tu tập đầy đủ, định uẩn chưa được đầy đủ đi đến được tu tập đầy đủ, tuệ uẩn chưa được đầy đủ đi đến tu tập đầy đủ, giải thoát uẩn chưa được đầy đủ, đi đến được tu tập đầy đủ, giải thoát tri kiến uẩn chưa được đầy đủ đi đến được tu tập đầy đủ. Này các Tỷ-kheo, những Tỷ-kheo như vậy được gọi là những bậc Đạo sư, được gọi là những người cầm đầu đoàn lữ hành, được gọi là những vị đă từ bỏ những nguyên nhân tác hại, được gọi là những vị quét sạch tối tăm, được gọi là những vị tác thành minh, được gọi là những vị tác thành quang; được gọi là những vị tác thành ánh sáng, được gọi là những vị cầm bó đuốc, được gọi là những vị phóng quang, được gọi là những bậc Thánh, được gọi là những người có mắt. |
This is a condition creating joy for those who know: living the Dhamma of the noble ones, composed, who brighten the true Dhamma, illumine it, shining brilliantly, who are makers of light, enlightened, abandoners of harm, who have eyes that see. Having heard their message with right gnosis, the wise directly knowing the ending of birth, come to no further becoming. |
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§ 105. {Iti 4.6; Iti 109}This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Arahant, so I have heard: "There are these four birthplaces of craving where a monk's craving, when taking birth, takes birth. Which four? Either for the sake of cloth a monk's craving, when taking birth, takes birth. Or for the sake of alms food a monk's craving, when taking birth, takes birth. Or for the sake of lodging a monk's craving, when taking birth, takes birth. Or for the sake of becoming or not becoming this or that a monk's craving, when taking birth, takes birth. These are the four birthplaces of craving where a monk's craving, when taking birth, takes birth." With craving his companion, a man wanders on a long, long time. Neither in this state here nor anywhere else does he go beyond the wandering- on. Knowing this drawback — that craving brings stress into play — free from craving, devoid of clinging, mindful, the monk lives the mendicant life. |
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§ 106. {Iti 4.7; Iti 109}
[Alternate translation: Ireland]
This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Arahant, so I have heard: "Living with Brahma are those families where, in the home, mother & father are revered by the children. Living with the first devas are those families where, in the home, mother & father are revered by the children. Living with the first teachers are those families where, in the home, mother & father are revered by the children. Living with those worthy of gifts are those families where, in the home, mother & father are revered by the children. 'Brahma' is a designation for mother & father. 'The first devas' is a designation for mother & father. 'The first teachers' is a designation for mother & father. 'Those worthy of gifts' is a designation for mother & father. Why is that? Mother & father do much for their children. They care for them, nourish them, introduce them to this world." Mother & father, compassionate to their family, are called Brahma, first teachers, those worthy of gifts from their children. So the wise should pay them homage, honor with food & drink clothing & bedding anointing & bathing & washing their feet. Performing these services to their parents, the wise are praised right here and after death rejoice in heaven. |
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See also: AN 2.31 |
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§ 107. {Iti 4.8; Iti 111}This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Arahant, so I have heard: "Monks, brahmans & householders are very helpful to you, as they provide you with the requisites of robes, alms food, lodgings, & medical requisites for the sick. And you, monks, are very helpful to brahmans & householders, as you teach them the Dhamma admirable in the beginning, admirable in the middle, admirable in the end; as you expound the holy life both in its particulars & in its essence, entirely complete, surpassingly pure. In this way the holy life is lived in mutual dependence, for the purpose of crossing over the flood, for making a right end to stress." Householders & the homeless in mutual dependence both reach the true Dhamma: the unsurpassed safety from bondage. From householders, the homeless receive requisites: robes, lodgings, protection from inclemencies. While in dependence on those well-gone, home-loving householders have conviction in arahants of noble discernment, absorbed in jhana. Having practiced the Dhamma here — the path leading to good destinations — delighting in the deva world, they rejoice, enjoying sensual pleasures. |
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§ 108. {Iti 4.9; Iti 112}This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Arahant, so I have heard: "Any monks who are deceitful, stubborn, talkers, frauds, arrogant, & uncentered are not followers of mine. They have turned away from this Dhamma-&-Vinaya. They attain, in terms of this Dhamma-&-Vinaya, no growth, increase, or abundance. |
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"But any monks who are not deceitful, not talkers, who are enlightened, pliant, & well-centered: they are followers of mine. They have not turned away from this Dhamma-&-Vinaya. They attain, in terms of this Dhamma-&-Vinaya, growth, increase, & abundance. |
Và này các Tỷ-kheo, các Tỷ-kheo nào không lừa đảo, không lắm mồm, lắm miệng, nghiêm trang, không ngoan cố, khéo định tĩnh; này các Tỷ-kheo, các Tỷ-kheo ấy là đệ tử của Ta; này các Tỷ-kheo, các Tỷ-kheo ấy không rơi khỏi Pháp và Luật này; và này các Tỷ-kheo, các Tỷ-kheo ấy đi đến tăng trưởng, tăng thịnh, tăng rộng trong Pháp và Luật này. |
Deceitful, stubborn, talkers, frauds, arrogant, uncentered: they don't grow in the Dhamma taught by the Rightly Self-awakened One. Not deceitful, not talkers, enlightened, pliant, well-centered: they grow in the Dhamma taught by the One Rightly Self-awakened. |
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§ 109. {Iti 4.10; Iti 114}
[Alternate translation: Ireland]
This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Arahant, so I have heard: "Suppose a man was being carried along by the flow of a river, lovely & alluring. And then another man with good eyesight, standing on the bank, on seeing him would say: 'My good man, even though you are being carried along by the flow of a river, lovely & alluring, further down from here is a pool with waves & whirlpools, with monsters & demons. On reaching that pool you will suffer death or death-like pain.' Then the first man, on hearing the words of the second man, would make an effort with his hands & feet to go against the flow. |
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"I have given you this simile to illustrate a meaning. The meaning is this: the flow of the river stands for craving. Lovely & alluring stands for the six internal sense-media. The pool further down stands for the five lower fetters.1 The waves stand for anger & distress. The whirlpools stand for the five strings of sensuality. The monsters & demons stand for the opposite sex. Against the flow stands for renunciation. Making an effort with hands & feet stands for the arousing of persistence. The man with good eyesight standing on the bank stands for the Tathagata, worthy & rightly self-awakened." |
Này các Tỷ-kheo, Ta ví dụ này là để giải thích ư nghĩa. Ở đây, ư nghĩa là như sau: "Ḍng sông, này các Tỷ-kheo, là đồng nghĩa với ái. Sắc khả ái dễ thương, này các Tỷ-kheo, là đồng nghĩa với sáu nội xứ. Cái hồ ở dưới, này các Tỷ-kheo, là đồng nghĩa với năm hạ phần kiết sử. Sóng, này các Tỷ-kheo, là đồng nghĩa với phẫn nộ, ưu năo. Nước xoáy, này các Tỷ-kheo, là đồng nghĩa với năm dục tăng trưởng. Cá sấu, với quỷ Dạ-xoa, này các Tỷ-kheo, là đồng nghĩa với đàn bà; ngược ḍng, này các Tỷ-kheo, là đồng nghĩa xuất ly. Tinh tấn với tay với chân là đồng nghĩa với tinh cần tinh tấn. Người có mắt đứng trên bờ, này các Tỷ-kheo, là Như Lai, bậc A-la-hán, Chánh Đẳng Giác". |
Even if it's with pain, you should abandon sensual desires if you aspire to future safety from bondage. Alert, with a mind well-released, touch release now here, now there. An attainer-of-wisdom, having fulfilled the holy life, is said to have gone to the end of the world, gone beyond. |
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Note 1. The five lower fetters are self-identity view, uncertainty, attachment to practices & precepts, sensual passion, & resistance. |
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§ 110. {Iti 4.11; Iti 115}This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Arahant, so I have heard: "If, while he is walking, there arises in a monk a thought of sensuality, a thought of ill-will, or a thought of harmfulness, and he does not quickly abandon, dispel, demolish, or wipe that thought out of existence, then a monk walking with such a lack of ardency & concern is called continually & continuously lethargic & low in his persistence. |
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"If, while he is standing, there arises in a monk a thought of sensuality, a thought of ill-will, or a thought of harmfulness, and he does not quickly abandon, dispel, demolish, or wipe that thought out of existence, then a monk walking with such a lack of ardency & concern is called continually & continuously lethargic & low in his persistence |
nếu Tỷ-kheo khi đang đứng khởi lên dục tầm, sân tầm hay hại tầm, nếu Tỷ-kheo chấp nhận không có từ bỏ, không có tẩy sạch, không có chấm dứt, không đi đến, không hiện hữu. Này các Tỷ-kheo, nếu Tỷ-kheo đang đứng có sở hành như vậy, vị ấy được gọi là người không có nhiệt t́nh, không có sợ hăi, liên tục thường hằng biếng nhác, tinh tấn hạ liệt. |
"If, while he is sitting,there arises in a monk a thought of sensuality, a thought of ill-will, or a thought of harmfulness, and he does not quickly abandon, dispel, demolish, or wipe that thought out of existence, then a monk walking with such a lack of ardency & concern is called continually & continuously lethargic & low in his persistence |
Nếu Tỷ-kheo khi đang ngồi khởi lên dục tầm, sân tầm hay hại tầm, nếu Tỷ-kheo chấp nhận không có từ bỏ, không có tẩy sạch, không có chấm dứt, không đi đến, không hiện hữu. Này các Tỷ-kheo, nếu Tỷ-kheo đang ngồi có sở hành như vậy, vị ấy được gọi là người không có nhiệt t́nh, không có sợ hăi, liên tục thường hằng biếng nhác, tinh tấn hạ liệt. |
"If, while he is lying down, there arises in a monk a thought of sensuality, a thought of ill-will, or a thought of harmfulness, and he does not quickly abandon, dispel, demolish, or wipe that thought out of existence, then a monk lying down with such a lack of ardency & concern is called continually & continuously lethargic & low in his persistence. |
Nếu Tỷ-kheo khi đang nằm thức khởi lên dục tầm, sân tầm hay hại tầm, nếu Tỷ-kheo chấp nhận không có từ bỏ, không có tẩy sạch, không có chấm dứt, không đi đến, không hiện hữu. Này các Tỷ-kheo, nếu Tỷ-kheo đang nằm thức có sở hành như vậy, vị ấy được gọi là người không có nhiệt t́nh, không có sợ hăi, liên tục thường hằng biếng nhác, tinh tấn hạ liệt. |
"But if, while he is walking, there arises in a monk a thought of sensuality, a thought of ill-will, or a thought of harmfulness, and he quickly abandons, dispels, demolishes, & wipes that thought out of existence, then a monk walking with such ardency & concern is called continually & continuously resolute, one with persistence aroused. |
Nếu Tỷ-kheo khi đang đi khởi lên dục tầm, sân tầm hay hại tầm; nếu Tỷ-kheo không chấp nhận, từ bỏ, tẩy sạch, chấm dứt, đi đến không hiện hữu; th́ này các Tỷ-kheo, nếu Tỷ-kheo khi đang đi có sở hành như vậy, vị ấy là có nhiệt t́nh, có sợ hăi, liên tục thường hằng tinh cần tinh tấn, siêng năng. |
"If, while he is standing, there arises in a monk a thought of sensuality, a thought of ill-will, or a thought of harmfulness, and he quickly abandons, dispels, demolishes, & wipes that thought out of existence, then a monk walking with such ardency & concern is called continually & continuously resolute, one with persistence aroused. |
Nếu Tỷ-kheo khi đang đứng khởi lên dục tầm, sân tầm hay hại tầm; nếu Tỷ-kheo không chấp nhận, từ bỏ, tẩy sạch, chấm dứt, đi đến không hiện hữu; th́ này các Tỷ-kheo, nếu Tỷ-kheo khi đang đứng có sở hành như vậy, vị ấy là có nhiệt t́nh, có sợ hăi, liên tục thường hằng tinh cần tinh tấn, siêng năng. |
"If, while he is sitting, there arises in a monk a thought of sensuality, a thought of ill-will, or a thought of harmfulness, and he quickly abandons, dispels, demolishes, & wipes that thought out of existence, then a monk walking with such ardency & concern is called continually & continuously resolute, one with persistence aroused. < |
Nếu Tỷ-kheo khi đang ngồi khởi lên dục tầm, sân tầm hay hại tầm; nếu Tỷ-kheo không chấp nhận, từ bỏ, tẩy sạch, chấm dứt, đi đến không hiện hữu; th́ này các Tỷ-kheo, nếu Tỷ-kheo khi đang ngồi có sở hành như vậy, vị ấy là có nhiệt t́nh, có sợ hăi, liên tục thường hằng tinh cần tinh tấn, siêng năng. |
"If, while he is lying down, there arises in a monk a thought of sensuality, a thought of ill-will, or a thought of harmfulness, and he quickly abandons, dispels, demolishes, & wipes that thought out of existence, then a monk lying down with such ardency & concern is called continually & continuously resolute, one with persistence aroused." |
Nếu Tỷ-kheo khi đang nằm thức khởi lên dục tầm, sân tầm hay hại tầm; nếu Tỷ-kheo không chấp nhận, từ bỏ, tẩy sạch, chấm dứt, đi đến không hiện hữu; th́ này các Tỷ-kheo, nếu Tỷ-kheo khi đang nằm thức có sở hành như vậy, vị ấy là có nhiệt t́nh, có sợ hăi, liên tục thường hằng tinh cần tinh tấn, siêng năng. |
Whether walking, standing, sitting, or lying down, whoever thinks evil thoughts, related to the household life, is following no path at all, smitten with delusory things. He's incapable, a monk like this, of touching superlative self-awakening. But whoever — walking, standing, sitting, or lying down — overcomes thought, delighting in the stilling of thought: he's capable, a monk like this, of touching superlative self-awakening. |
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§ 111. {Iti 4.12; Iti 118}This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Arahant, so I have heard: "Be consummate in virtue, monks, and consummate in the Patimokkha. Dwell restrained in accordance with the Patimokkha, consummate in your behavior & sphere of activity. Train yourselves, having undertaken the training rules, seeing danger in the slightest faults. |
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"When one is consummate in virtue, consummate in the Patimokkha; dwelling restrained in accordance with the Patimokkha, consummate in one's behavior & sphere of activity; training oneself, having undertaken the training rules, seeing danger in the slightest faults — what more is to be done? |
Đă sống đầy đủ giới, này các Tỷ-kheo, đầy đủ giới bổn Pàtimokkha, được chế ngự với sự chế ngự của giới bổn Pàtimokkha, sống đầy đủ uy nghi chánh hạnh, thấy sợ hăi trong các lỗi nhỏ nhặt, chấp nhận và học tập trong các học pháp, c̣n có ǵ cần phải làm thêm nữa? |
"If, while he is walking, any greed in a monk is done away with, any ill will, any sloth & drowsiness, any restlessness & anxiety, any uncertainty is done away with; if his persistence is aroused and not lax; if his mindfulness is established & unmuddled; if his body is calm & unaroused; if his mind is centered & unified: then a monk walking with such ardency & concern is called continually & continuously resolute, one with persistence aroused. |
Nếu Tỷ-kheo trong khi đi, tham, sân được từ bỏ, hôn trầm thụy miên được từ bỏ, trạo hối được từ bỏ, nghi được đoạn tận, tinh cần tinh tấn, không có thụ động, niệm được an trú không có thất niệm, thân được khinh an không có cuồng nhiệt, tâm được định tĩnh nhất tâm. Này các Tỷ-kheo, nếu Tỷ-kheo trong khi đi có sở hành như vậy, vị ấy được gọi là người có nhiệt tâm, có sợ hăi liên tục thường hằng tinh tấn, siêng năng. |
"If, while he is standing, any greed in a monk is done away with, any ill will, any sloth & drowsiness, any restlessness & anxiety, any uncertainty is done away with; if his persistence is aroused and not lax; if his mindfulness is established & unmuddled; if his body is calm & unaroused; if his mind is centered & unified: then a monk walking with such ardency & concern is called continually & continuously resolute, one with persistence aroused. |
Nếu Tỷ-kheo trong khi đứng, tham, sân được từ bỏ, hôn trầm thụy miên được từ bỏ, trạo hối được từ bỏ, nghi được đoạn tận, tinh cần tinh tấn, không có thụ động, niệm được an trú không có thất niệm, thân được khinh an không có cuồng nhiệt, tâm được định tĩnh nhất tâm. Này các Tỷ-kheo, nếu Tỷ-kheo trong khi đứng có sở hành như vậy, vị ấy được gọi là người có nhiệt tâm, có sợ hăi liên tục thường hằng tinh tấn, siêng năng. |
"If, while he is sitting, any greed in a monk is done away with, any ill will, any sloth & drowsiness, any restlessness & anxiety, any uncertainty is done away with; if his persistence is aroused and not lax; if his mindfulness is established & unmuddled; if his body is calm & unaroused; if his mind is centered & unified: then a monk walking with such ardency & concern is called continually & continuously resolute, one with persistence aroused. |
Nếu Tỷ-kheo trong khi ngồi, tham, sân được từ bỏ, hôn trầm thụy miên được từ bỏ, trạo hối được từ bỏ, nghi được đoạn tận, tinh cần tinh tấn, không có thụ động, niệm được an trú không có thất niệm, thân được khinh an không có cuồng nhiệt, tâm được định tĩnh nhất tâm. Này các Tỷ-kheo, nếu Tỷ-kheo trong khi ngồi có sở hành như vậy, vị ấy được gọi là người có nhiệt tâm, có sợ hăi liên tục thường hằng tinh tấn, siêng năng. |
"If, while he is lying down, any greed in a monk is done away with, any ill will, any sloth & drowsiness, any restlessness & anxiety, any uncertainty is done away with; if his persistence is aroused and not lax; if his mindfulness is established & unmuddled; if his body is calm & unaroused; if his mind is centered & unified: then a monk lying down with such ardency & concern is called continually & continuously resolute, one with persistence aroused." |
Nếu Tỷ-kheo trong khi nằm thức, tham, sân được từ bỏ, hôn trầm thụy miên được từ bỏ, trạo hối được từ bỏ, nghi được đoạn tận, tinh cần tinh tấn, không có thụ động, niệm được an trú không có thất niệm, thân được khinh an không có cuồng nhiệt, tâm được định tĩnh nhất tâm. Này các Tỷ-kheo, nếu Tỷ-kheo trong khi nằm thức có sở hành như vậy, vị ấy được gọi là người có nhiệt tâm, có sợ hăi liên tục thường hằng tinh tấn, siêng năng. |
Controlled in walking, controlled in standing, controlled in sitting, controlled in lying down, controlled in flexing & extending his limbs — above, around, & below, as far as the worlds extend — observing the arising & passing away of phenomena, of aggregates: a monk who dwells thus ardently, not restlessly, at peace — always mindful, training in the mastery of awareness-tranquillity — is said to be continually resolute. |
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§ 112. {Iti 4.13; Iti 121}
[Alternate translation: Ireland]
This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Arahant, so I have heard: "The world1 has been fully awakened to by the Tathagata. From the world, the Tathagata is disjoined. The origination of the world has been fully awakened to by the Tathagata. The origination of the world has, by the Tathagata, been abandoned. The cessation of the world has been fully awakened to by the Tathagata. The cessation of the world has, by the Tathagata, been realized. The path leading to the cessation of the world has been fully awakened to by the Tathagata. The path leading to the cessation of the world has, by the Tathagata, been developed. |
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"Whatever in this world — with its devas, Maras, & Brahmas, its generations complete with contemplatives & priests, princes & men — is seen, heard, sensed, cognized, attained, sought after, pondered by the intellect, that has been fully awakened to by the Tathagata. Thus he is called the Tathagata. |
Cái ǵ này các Tỷ-kheo, trong toàn thế giới với Thiên giới, Ma giới, Phạm thiên giới, cùng với quần chúng Sa-môn, Bà-la-môn, chư Thiên và loài Người, được thấy, được nghe, được thọ tưởng, được thức tri, được đạt đến, được tầm cầu, được ư tư sát, tất cả đều được Như Lai chánh đẳng giác. Do vậy được gọi là Như Lai. |
"From the night the Tathagata fully awakens to the unsurpassed Right Self-awakening to the night he is totally unbound in the Unbinding property with no fuel remaining, whatever the Tathagata has said, spoken, explained is just so (tatha) and not otherwise. Thus he is called the Tathagata. |
Này các Tỷ-kheo, từ đêm Như Lai chứng ngộ Vô thượng Chánh đẳng giác đến đêm Ngài nhập Niết-bàn không có dư y trong thời gian ấy, điều ǵ Ngài nói, tuyên bố, nêu rơ lên tất cả là như vậy, không có khác được. Do vậy Ngài được gọi là Như Lai. |
"The Tathagata is one who does in line with (tatha) what he teaches, one who teaches in line with what he does. Thus he is called the Tathagata. |
Này các Tỷ-kheo, Như Lai nói ǵ làm vậy, làm ǵ nói vậy. V́ rằng nói ǵ làm vậy, làm ǵ nói vậy, nên Ngài được gọi Như Lai. |
"In this world with its devas, Maras, & Brahmas, its generations complete with contemplatives & priests, princes & men, the Tathagata is the unconquered conqueror, all-seeing, the wielder of power.2 Thus he is called the Tathagata." This is the meaning of what the Blessed One said. So with regard to this it was said: |
Này các Tỷ-kheo, trong toàn thể thế giới, Thiên giới, Ma giới, Phạm thiên giới, cùng với quần chúng Sa-môn, Bà-la-môn, chư Thiên và loài Người, Như Lai là bậc chiến thắng, không bị ai chiến bại, toàn tri, toàn kiến, đại tự tại, do vậy Ngài được gọi là Như Lai. |
Directly knowing all the world, all the world as is really is, from all the world disjoined, in all the world unmatched: Conquering all in all ways, enlightened, released from all bonds, he touches the foremost peace — Unbinding, free from fear. He is free of fermentation, of trouble, awakened, his doubts cut through; has attained the ending of action, is released in the destruction of acquisitions. He is blessed, awakened, a lion, unsurpassed. In the world with its devas he set the Brahma-wheel going.3 Thus divine & human beings who have gone to the Buddha for refuge, gathering, pay homage to the great one, thoroughly mature: 'Tamed, he's the best of those who can be tamed; calm, the seer of those who can be calmed; released, supreme among those who can be released; crossed, the foremost of those who can cross.' Thus they pay homage to the great one, thoroughly mature: 'In this world with its devas, there's no one to compare with you.' |
Thế Tôn đă nói lên ư nghĩa này. Ở đây điều này được nói đến:
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This, too, was the meaning of what was said by the Blessed One, so I have heard. |
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Notes 1. SN 35.82 defines the "world" as the six sense spheres, their objects, consciousness at those spheres, contact at those spheres, and whatever arises in dependence on that contact, experienced as pleasure, pain, or neither-pleasure-nor-pain. 2. These are epithets usually associated with the Great Brahma. See § 22. 3. The Brahma-wheel = the Dhamma-wheel, the name of the Buddha's first sermon, so called because it contains a "wheel" that lists all twelve permutations of two sets of variables: the four noble truths — stress, its origination, its cessation, and the way leading to its cessation — and the three levels of knowledge appropriate to each truth: knowledge of the truth, knowledge of the task appropriate to the truth, and knowledge that the task has been completed. This wheel constitutes the Buddha's most central teaching. |
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