Contents
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Translator's IntroductionThis, the first book in the Khuddaka Nikaya (Collection of Short Discourses), appears to have been designed as a primer for novice monks and nuns. In nine short passages it covers the basic topics that one would need to know in beginning Buddhist monastic life; many of the passages also serve as useful introductions to Buddhist practice in general. Passages 1 and 2 cover the ceremony for taking ordination as a novice. Passage 3 gives preliminary guidance in the contemplation of the body, a meditation exercise designed to overcome lust. Passage 4 introduces many of the basic categories of analysis through which discernment can be developed, beginning with the most basic formulation of the causal principle so central to the Buddha's teaching. Passage 5 gives an overview of the practice as a whole — beginning with the need to associate with wise people, and ending with the attainment of Unbinding (nibbana/nirvana). This overview is presented in the context of the concept of protective rituals, and makes the point that — given the nature of human action and its results — the best protection comes not from rituals but from acting in a generous, moral, and wise manner. Passage 6 expands both on Passage 1 and Passage 5, detailing some of the virtues of the Buddha, Dhamma, and Sangha, while at the same time elaborating on the practice of meditation and the attainment of stream-entry — the point at which the meditator has his/her first glimpse of Unbinding. Passage 7 elaborates on the theme of generosity, showing how gifts to the Sangha can be dedicated to the welfare of one's dead relatives. Passage 8 presents meritorious action in general as an investment more reliable and longer-lasting than material investments. Passage 9 returns to the subject of meditation, focusing on the development of good will and loving-kindness. |
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These nine passages, in different contexts, are frequently chanted in Theravada countries even today. Lay and ordained Buddhists chant Passage 1 daily, as an affirmation of their refuge in the Triple Gem. Monks will often chant Passages 5-9 as blessings when lay people make merit, and frequently use verses from Passage 5 as sermon themes. |
Tất cả 9 bài kinh này, trong những ư nghĩa khác nhau, thường được tụng đọc và suy niệm trong các cộng đồng Phật giáo Nguyên thủy từ xưa cho đến hiện nay. Hằng ngày, cư sĩ lẫn tu sĩ đều tụng đọc bài kinh đầu tiên về quy y Tam Bảo để tự nhắc nhở. Các tu sĩ thường tụng các đoạn kinh trích trong các bài kinh thứ năm cho đến thứ chín khi nhận lănh sự cúng dường của cư sĩ, và thường dùng bài kinh thứ năm (Kinh Phước Đức) làm đề tài trong các buổi thuyết pháp. | ||||||
Thus the passages contained in this book serve as a useful introduction both to early Buddhist training and to modern Theravada practices. |
Tóm lại, quyển Tiểu Tụng này được dùng như một quyển kinh dẫn nhập hữu ích trong bước đầu của đời sống tu sĩ và trong đời sống của mọi Phật tử hiện thời. | ||||||
Homage to the Blessed One, |
Con đem hết ḷng thành kính làm lễ Đức Thế Tôn, Ngài là bậc Arahan cao thượng, được chứng quả Chánh Biến Tri do Ngài tự ngộ không thầy chỉ dạy. | ||||||
1. Saranagamana — Going for Refuge[Alternate translation: Piyadassi.] I go to the Buddha for refuge. I go to the Dhamma for refuge. I go to the Sangha for refuge. A second time I go to the Buddha for refuge. A second time I go to the Dhamma for refuge. A second time I go to the Sangha for refuge. A third time I go to the Buddha for refuge. A third time I go to the Dhamma for refuge. A third time I go to the Sangha for refuge. |
I. Tam Quy (Saranattaya)
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2. Dasa Sikkhapada — The Ten Training Rules[Alternate translation: Piyadassi.] I undertake the training rule to refrain from taking life. I undertake the training rule to refrain from stealing. I undertake the training rule to refrain from sexual intercourse. I undertake the training rule to refrain from telling lies. I undertake the training rule to refrain from intoxicating fermented & distilled beverages that lead to carelessness. I undertake the training rule to refrain from eating at the wrong time.1 I undertake the training rule to refrain from dancing, singing, music, & watching shows. I undertake the training rule to refrain from wearing garlands and beautifying myself with perfumes & cosmetics. I undertake the training rule to refrain from high & luxurious seats & beds. I undertake the training rule to refrain from accepting gold & money. |
II. Thập Giới (Dasasikkhàpada)
1. Đệ tử thực hành giới tránh sát sanh. 2. Đệ tử thực hành giới tránh lấy của không cho. 3. Đệ tử thực hành giới tránh tà hạnh trong các dục. 4. Đệ tử thực hành giới tránh nói láo. 5. Đệ tử thực hành giới tránh mọi cơ hội buông lung phóng dật do uống rượu hoặc các thứ men say. 6. Đệ tử thực hành giới tránh ăn phi thời. 7. Đệ tử thực hành giới tránh múa, hát, nhạc, kịch. 8. Đệ tử thực hành giới tránh cơ hội đeo ṿng hoa và trang điểm với hương liệu, dầu xoa. 9. Đệ tử thực hành giới tránh dùng giường cao và rộng. 10. Đệ tử thực hành giới tránh nhận vàng bạc. | ||||||
Notes 1. After noon & before dawn. |
Ghi Chú 1. Sau ngọ & trước khi mặt trời mọc. | ||||||
3. Dvattimsakara — The 32 Parts[Alternate translation: Piyadassi.] [In this body there is:] hair of the head, hair of the body, nails, teeth, skin, muscle, tendons, bones, bone marrow, spleen, heart, liver, membranes, kidneys, lungs, large intestines, small intestines, gorge, feces, gall, phlegm, lymph, blood, sweat, fat, tears, oil, saliva, mucus, oil in the joints urine, brain. |
III. Ba Mươi Hai Phần (Dvattimsàkàra)
[Trong thân này có:] | ||||||
4. Samanera Pañha — The Novice's Questions[Alternate translation: Piyadassi.]
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IV. Nam Tử Hỏi Đạo (Kumàrapanha)
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Notes 1. "There are these four nutriments for the establishing of beings who have taken birth or for the support of those in search of a place to be born. Which four? Physical food, gross or refined; contact as the second, intellectual intention the third, and consciousness the fourth." — SN 12.64. 2. Mental & physical phenomena 3. Pleasant, painful, neither pleasant nor painful. 4. Stress, the origination of stress, the cessation of stress, the path of practice leading to the cessation of stress. 5. Form, feeling, perception, fabrications, consciousness. 6. Eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, intellect. 7. Mindfulness, analysis of qualities, persistence, rapture, serenity, concentration, equanimity. 8. Right view, right resolve, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration. 9. Seven stations of consciousness and two spheres: There are beings with diversity of body and diversity of perception, such as human beings, some devas, and some beings in the lower realms. This is the first station of consciousness. There are beings with diversity of body and singularity of perception, such as the devas of the Brahma hosts generated by the first [jhana]. This is the second station of consciousness. There are beings with singularity of body and diversity of perception, such as the Radiant Devas. This is the third station of consciousness. There are beings with singularity of body and singularity of perception, such as the Beautifully Lustrous Devas. This is the fourth station of consciousness. There are beings who, with the complete transcending of perceptions of [physical] form, with the disappearance of perceptions of resistance, and not heeding perceptions of diversity, thinking, 'Infinite space,' arrive at the dimension of the infinitude of space. This is the fifth station of consciousness. There are beings who, with the complete transcending of the dimension of the infinitude of space, thinking, 'Infinite consciousness,' arrive at the dimension of the infinitude of consciousness. This is the sixth station of consciousness. There are beings who, with the complete transcending of the dimension of the infinitude of consciousness, thinking, 'There is nothing,' arrive at the dimension of nothingness. This is the seventh station of consciousness. The dimension of non-percipient beings and, second, the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception. These are the two spheres. — Maha-nidana Suttanta, DN 15 10. "The right view of one beyond training, the right resolve of one beyond training, the right speech of one beyond training, the right action of one beyond training, the right livelihood of one beyond training, the right effort of one beyond training, the right mindfulness of one beyond training, the right concentration of one beyond training, the right knowledge of one beyond training, the right release of one beyond training." — Maha-cattarisaka Sutta, MN 117. |
Ghi Chú 1. Này các Tỷ-kheo, có bốn loại đồ ăn đưa đến sự tồn tại hay sự chấp thủ tái sanh của các loài hữu t́nh hay các loài chúng sanh. Thế nào là bốn?
-Đoàn thực hoặc thô, hoặc tế;
-Thứ hai là xúc;
-Thứ ba là tư niệm;
-Thứ tư là thức.— SN 12.64. 2. Hiện tượng tinh thần và vật chất 3. Hỷ, ưu, xă. 4. Khổ, nguyên nhân của sự khổ, sự chấm dứt sự khổ, con đường đưa đến sự diệt khổ. 5. Sắc, thọ, tưởng, hành, thức. 6. Mắt, tai, mũi, lưỡi, thân, ư. 7. Mindfulness, analysis of qualities, persistence, rapture, serenity, concentration, equanimity. 8. Chánh kiến, chánh tư duy, chánh ngữ, chánh nghiệp, chánh mạng, chánh tinh tấn, chánh niệm, chánh định. 9.Có bảy trú xứ của thức và hai xứ: Có những loại hữu t́nh, thân dị loại và tưởng dị loại, như loài Người, một số chư Thiên và một số trong địa ngục. Đó là trú xứ thứ nhất của thức. Có những loại hữu t́nh, thân dị loại nhưng tưởng nhất loại, như các vị Phạm Chúng thiên được sanh vào cơi ấy, nhờ sơ Thiền. Đó là trú xứ thứ hai của thức. Có những loại hữu t́nh, thân nhất loại nhưng tưởng dị loại, như các vị Quang Âm thiên (Abhassarà). Đó là trú xứ thứ ba của thức. Có những loại hữu t́nh, thân nhất loại và tưởng cũng nhất loại, như các vị Biến Tịnh thiên (Subhakinna). Đó là trú xứ thứ tư của thức. Có những loại hữu t́nh, vượt ra khỏi tất cả sắc tưởng, đoạn trừ tất cả hữu đối tưởng, không suy tư đến mọi dị loại tưởng, chỉ có tưởng "Hư không là vô biên", được sanh vào cơi Hư không vô biên xứ. Đó là trú xứ thứ năm của thức. Có những loại hữu t́nh hoàn toàn vượt ra khỏi Không vô biên xứ, chỉ có tưởng "Thức là vô biên", được sanh vào cơi Thức vô biên xứ. Đó là trú xứ thứ sáu của thức. Có những loại hữu t́nh, hoàn toàn vượt ra khỏi Thức vô biên xứ, chỉ có tưởng "Vô sở hữu", được sanh vào cơi Vô sở hữu xứ. Đó là trú xứ thứ bảy của thức. Hai xứ là Vô tưởng hữu t́nh xứ và Phi tưởng phi phi tưởng xứ. — Maha-nidana Suttanta, DN 15 10. "Chánh kiến của bậc Thánh Vô Học, chánh tư duy của bậc Thánh Vô Học, chánh ngữ của bậc Thánh Vô Học, chánh nghiệp của bậc Thánh Vô Học, chánh mạng của bậc Thánh Vô Học, chánh tinh tấn của bậc Thánh Vô Học, chánh niệm của bậc Thánh Vô Học, chánh định của bậc Thánh Vô Học, chánh tri kiến của bậc Thánh Vô Học, chánh giải thóat của bậc Thánh Vô Học." — Maha-cattarisaka Sutta, MN 117. | ||||||
5. Mangala Sutta — Protection[This sutta also appears at Sn 2.4. Alternate translation: Narada | Piyadassi.] I have heard that at one time the Blessed One was staying in Savatthi at Jeta's Grove, Anathapindika's monastery. Then a certain deva, in the far extreme of the night, her extreme radiance lighting up the entirety of Jeta's Grove, approached the Blessed One. On approaching, having bowed down to the Blessed One, she stood to one side. As she stood to one side, she addressed him with a verse. Many devas and humans beings give thought to protection, desiring well-being. Tell, then, the highest protection. [The Buddha:] Not consorting with fools, consorting with the wise, paying homage to those worthy of homage: This is the highest protection. Living in a civilized land, having made merit in the past, directing oneself rightly: This is the highest protection. Broad knowledge, skill, well-mastered discipline, well-spoken words: This is the highest protection. Support for one's parents, assistance to one's wife and children, consistency in one's work: This is the highest protection. Giving, living in rectitude, assistance to one's relatives, deeds that are blameless: This is the highest protection. Avoiding, abstaining from evil; refraining from intoxicants, being heedful of the qualities of the mind: This is the highest protection. Respect, humility, contentment, gratitude, hearing the Dhamma on timely occasions: This is the highest protection. Patience, compliance, seeing contemplatives, discussing the Dhamma on timely occasions: This is the highest protection. Austerity, celibacy, seeing the Noble Truths, realizing Unbinding: This is the highest protection. A mind that, when touched by the ways of the world, is unshaken, sorrowless, dustless, secure: This is the highest protection. Everywhere undefeated when acting in this way, people go everywhere in well-being: This is their highest protection. |
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6. Ratana Sutta — Treasures[This sutta also appears at Sn 2.1. Alternate translation: Piyadassi.] Whatever spirits have gathered here, — on the earth, in the sky — may you all be happy & listen intently to what I say. Thus, spirits, you should all be attentive. Show kindness to the human race. Day & night they give offerings, so, being heedful, protect them. Whatever wealth — here or beyond — whatever exquisite treasure in the heavens, does not, for us, equal the Tathagata. This, too, is an exquisite treasure in the Buddha. By this truth may there be well-being. The exquisite Deathless — ending, dispassion — discovered by the Sakyan Sage in concentration: There is nothing to equal that Dhamma. This, too, is an exquisite treasure in the Dhamma. By this truth may there be well-being. What the excellent Awakened One extolled as pure and called the concentration of unmediated knowing: No equal to that concentration can be found. This, too, is an exquisite treasure in the Dhamma. By this truth may there be well-being. The eight persons — the four pairs — praised by those at peace: They, disciples of the One Well-Gone, deserve offerings. What is given to them bears great fruit. This, too, is an exquisite treasure in the Sangha. By this truth may there be well-being. Those who, devoted, firm-minded, apply themselves to Gotama's message, on attaining their goal, plunge into the Deathless, freely enjoying the Liberation they've gained. This, too, is an exquisite treasure in the Sangha. By this truth may there be well-being. An Indra pillar,1 planted in the earth, that even the four winds cannot shake: that, I tell you, is like the person of integrity, who — having comprehended the noble truths — sees. This, too, is an exquisite treasure in the Sangha. By this truth may there be well-being. Those who have seen clearly the noble truths well-taught by the one of deep discernment — regardless of what [later] might make them heedless — will come to no eighth state of becoming. 2 This, too, is an exquisite treasure in the Sangha. By this truth may there be well-being. At the moment of attaining sight, one abandons three things: identity-views, uncertainty, & any attachment to precepts & practices. 3 One is completely released from the four states of deprivation, 4 and incapable of committing the six great wrongs. 5 This, too, is an exquisite treasure in the Sangha. By this truth may there be well-being. Whatever bad deed one may do — in body, speech, or in mind — one cannot hide it: an incapability ascribed to one who has seen the Way. This, too, is an exquisite treasure in the Sangha. By this truth may there be well-being. Like a forest grove with flowering tops in the first month of the heat of the summer, so is the foremost Dhamma he taught, for the highest benefit, leading to Unbinding. This, too, is an exquisite treasure in the Buddha. By this truth may there be well-being. Foremost, foremost-knowing, foremost-giving, foremost-bringing, unexcelled, he taught the foremost Dhamma. This, too, is an exquisite treasure in the Buddha. By this truth may there be well-being. Ended the old, there is no new taking birth. dispassioned their minds toward further becoming, they, with no seed, no desire for growth, the prudent, go out like this flame. This, too, is an exquisite treasure in the Sangha. By this truth may there be well-being. Whatever spirits have gathered here, — on the earth, in the sky — let us pay homage to the Buddha, the Tathagata worshipped by beings human & divine. May there be well-being. Whatever spirits have gathered here, — on the earth, in the sky — let us pay homage to the Dhamma & the Tathagata worshipped by beings human & divine. May there be well-being. Whatever spirits have gathered here, — on the earth, in the sky — let us pay homage to the Sangha & the Tathagata worshipped by beings human & divine. May there be well-being. |
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Notes 1. Indra-pillar: A tall hardwood pillar, planted at the entrance to a village. 2. The person who has reached this stage in the practice will be reborn at most seven more times. 3. These three qualities are the fetters abandoned when one gains one's first glimpse of Unbinding at stream-entry (the moment when one enters the stream to full Awakening). 4. Four states of deprivation: rebirth as an animal, a hungry shade, an angry demon, or a denizen of hell. In the Buddhist cosmology, none of these states is eternal. 5. The six great wrongs: murdering one's mother, murdering one's father, murdering an arahant (fully Awakened individual), wounding a Buddha, causing a schism in the Sangha, or choosing anyone other than a Buddha as one's foremost teacher. |
Ghi Chú 1. Indra-pillar: A tall hardwood pillar, planted at the entrance to a village. 2. Vị đă đạt đến cảnh giới này sẽ không tái sanh quá bảy lần. 3. Ba loại kiết sử được đoạn diệt khi một vị thấy được Niết Bàn lần đầu tiên (đắc đạo quả Tu Đà Hườn, tầng Thánh đầu tiên). 4. Bốn đọa xứ: súc sanh, ngạ quỷ, a tu la, hay địa ngục. Trong quan điểm của đạo Phật, những cảnh giới này đều không trường tồn. 5. Sáu trọng tội: giết mẹ, giết cha, giết A La Hán (Bậc đă hoàn toàn Giác Ngộ), làm chảy máu Phật, chia rẽ Tăng Chúng, hay là chọn một Bậc Đạo Sư khác ng̣ai Đức Phật. | ||||||
7. Tirokudda Kanda — Hungry Shades Outside the Walls[This sutta also appears at Pv I.5.] Outside the walls they stand, & at crossroads. At door posts they stand, returning to their old homes. But when a meal with plentiful food & drink is served, no one remembers them: Such is the kamma of living beings. Thus those who feel sympathy for their dead relatives give timely donations of proper food & drink — exquisite, clean — [thinking:] "May this be for our relatives. May our relatives be happy!" And those who have gathered there, the assembled shades of the relatives, with appreciation give their blessing for the plentiful food & drink: "May our relatives live long because of whom we have gained [this gift]. We have been honored, and the donors are not without reward!" For there [in their realm] there's no farming, no herding of cattle, no commerce, no trading with money. They live on what is given here, hungry shades whose time here is done. As water raining on a hill flows down to the valley, even so does what is given here benefit the dead. As rivers full of water fill the ocean full, even so does what is given here benefit the dead. "He gave to me, she acted on my behalf, they were my relatives, companions, friends": Offerings should be given for the dead when one reflects thus on things done in the past. For no weeping, no sorrowing no other lamentation benefits the dead whose relatives persist in that way. But when this offering is given, well-placed in the Sangha, it works for their long-term benefit and they profit immediately. In this way the proper duty to relatives has been shown, great honor has been done to the dead, and monks have been given strength: The merit you've acquired isn't small. |
[This sutta also appears at Pv I.5.] | ||||||
8. Nidhi Kanda — The Reserve FundA person stashes a fund away, deep underground, at the water line: "When a need or duty arises, this will provide for my needs, for my release if I'm denounced by the king, molested by thieves, in case of debt, famine, or accidents." With aims like this in the world a reserve fund is stashed away. But no matter how well it's stored, deep underground, at the water line, it won't all always serve one's need. The fund gets shifted from its place, or one's memory gets confused; or — unseen — water serpents make off with it, spirits steal it, or hateful heirs run off with it. When one's merit's ended, it's totally destroyed. But when a man or woman has laid aside a well-stored fund of giving, virtue, restraint, & self-control, with regard to a shrine, the Sangha, a fine individual, guests, mother, father, or elder sibling: That's a well-stored fund. It can't be wrested away. It follows you along. When, having left this world, for wherever you must go, you take it with you. This fund is not held in common with others, & cannot be stolen by thieves. So, prudent, you should make merit, the fund that will follow you along. This is the fund that gives all they want to beings human, divine. Whatever devas aspire to, all that is gained by this. A fine complexion, fine voice, a body well-built, well-formed, lordship, a following: all that is gained by this. Earthly kingship, supremacy, the bliss of an emperor, kingship over devas in the heavens: all that is gained by this. The attainment of the human state, any delight in heaven, the attainment of Unbinding: all that is gained by this. Excellent friends, appropriate application, 1 mastery of clear knowing & release: 2 all that is gained by this. Acumen, 3 emancipations, 4 the perfection of disciplehood: all that is gained by this. Private Awakening, 5 Buddhahood: all that is gained by this. So powerful is this, the accomplishment of merit. Thus the wise, the prudent, praise the fund of merit already made. |
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Notes 1. Proper practice of the Dhamma. 2. Clear knowing = knowledge of previous lives, knowledge of the passing away and arising (rebirth) of beings, knowledge of the ending of the mental fermentations: sensual passion, becoming, views, ignorance. Release = release from the cycle of rebirth. 3. Acumen = acumen with regard to the Dhamma, to its meaning, to language, & to quick-wittedness. These four talents are found in some, but not all, arahants. 4. Emancipations. The Maha-nidana Suttanta [DN 15] describes the eight emancipations as follows: "Possessed of form, one sees forms. This is the first emancipation. "Not percipient of form internally, one sees forms externally. This is the second emancipation. "One is intent only on the beautiful. This is the third emancipation. With the complete transcending of perceptions of [physical] form, with the disappearance of perceptions of resistance, and not heeding perceptions of diversity, thinking, 'Infinite space,' one enters and remains in the dimension of the infinitude of space. This is the fourth emancipation. With the complete transcending of the dimension of the infinitude of space, thinking, 'Infinite consciousness,' one enters and remains in the dimension of the infinitude of consciousness. This is the fifth emancipation. "With the complete transcending of the dimension of the infinitude of consciousness, thinking, 'There is nothing,' one enters and remains in the dimension of nothingness. This is the sixth emancipation. "With the complete transcending of the dimension of nothingness, one enters and remains in the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception. This is the seventh emancipation. "With the complete transcending of the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception, one enters and remains in the cessation of perception and feeling. This is the eighth emancipation. "Now, when a monk attains these eight emancipations in forward order, in reverse order, in forward and reverse order, when he attains them and emerges from them wherever he wants, however he wants, and for as long as he wants, when through the ending of the mental fermentations he enters and remains in the fermentation-free awareness-release and discernment-release, having directly known it and realized it in the here and now, he is said to be a monk released in both ways. And as for another release in both ways, higher or more sublime than this, there is none." 5. Private Awakening: Awakening as a Private Buddha, one who can gain Awakening without relying on the teachings of others, but who cannot formulate the Dhamma in the way a Full Buddha can. |
1. Tu tập Giáo Pháp chân chánh. 2. Clear knowing = knowledge of previous lives, knowledge of the passing away and arising (rebirth) of beings, knowledge of the ending of the mental fermentations: sensual passion, becoming, views, ignorance. Release = release from the cycle of rebirth. 3. Acumen = acumen with regard to the Dhamma, to its meaning, to language, & to quick-wittedness. These four talents are found in some, but not all, arahants. 4. Giải thoát. The Maha-nidana Suttanta [DN 15] mô tả tám giải thóat như sau: "Tự ḿnh có sắc, thấy các sắc pháp. Đó là giải thoát thứ nhất. "Không biết tự ḿnh có sắc, thấy các sắc ngoài tự thân. Đó là giải thoát thứ hai. "Tâm mạnh hướng đến thanh tịnh. Đó là giải thoát thứ ba.
Hoàn toàn vượt khỏi mọi sắc tưởng, đoạn diệt mọi hữu đối tưởng, không suy tư đến mọi tưởng dị biệt, với tư tưởng: "Hư không là vô biên", chứng và an trú Hư không vô biên xứ. Đó là giải thoát thứ tư.
Hoàn toàn vượt khỏi Hư không vô biên xứ, với tư tưởng: "Thức là vô biên", chứng và an trú Thức vô biên xứ. Đó là giải thoát thứ năm. "Hoàn toàn vượt khỏi Thức vô biên xứ, với tư tưởng: "Vô sở hữu" chứng và an trú Vô sở hữu xứ. Đó là giải thoát thứ sáu. "Hoàn toàn vượt khỏi Vô sở hữu xứ, chứng và an trú Phi tưởng phi phi tưởng xứ. Đó là giải thoát thứ bảy. "Vượt khỏi hoàn toàn Phi tưởng phi phi tưởng xứ, chứng và an trú Diệt thọ tưởng định. Đó là giải thoát thứ tám. "Khi một vị Tỷ-kheo thuận thứ thể nhập tám giải thoát này, có thể nhập và có thể xuất khỏi bất cứ giải thoát nào khi nào ḿnh muốn, chỗ nào ḿnh muốn và dài bao lâu ḿnh muốn - và với các lậu hoặc được đoạn trừ, vị Tỷ-kheo chứng và an trú trong tám giải thoát và tuệ giải thoát, không c̣n lậu hoặc ngay trong thời hiện tại, tự ḿnh thấu đạt và chứng ngộ. Không c̣n có một Câu giải thoát nào khác cao hơn và thù thắng hơn Câu giải thoát này.." 5. Private Awakening: Awakening as a Private Buddha, one who can gain Awakening without relying on the teachings of others, but who cannot formulate the Dhamma in the way a Full Buddha can. [This sutta also appears at Sn 1.8. Alternate translations: Buddharakkhita | Amaravati | Ñanamoli | Piyadassi]
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